PVCs & Ventricular Arrhythmias 📊 🚨 Know the Risk: Lown Grading System for PVCs & Ventricular Arrhythmias 📊 The Lown grading system stratifies Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVCs) by severity—higher grades indicate greater risk of ventricular tachycardia (VT) or fibrillation (VF). 📈 Lown Grades Simplified: Grade 0: No PVCs ✅ Grade 1: Occasional ( 30/hour) ⚠️⚠️ Grade 3: Multiform (varying shapes) ❗ Grade 4: Repetitive A: Couplets (2 consecutive PVCs) ❗❗ B: Salvos (≥3 PVCs) ❗❗❗ Grade 5: R-on-

• Premature ventricular contraction (PVC) - Bigeminy OR ventricular extrasystole (VES) is a type of ectopic beat where the heartbeat is initiated by Purkinje fibers in the ventricles rather than by the sinoatrial node, the normal heartbeat initiator • Symptoms: feeling your heart beat (palpitations); feeling of occasional, forceful beats; increased awareness of your heart beat; perception of a skipped heartbeat; dyspnea; dizziness • Causes: Adrenaline excess High blood calcium Cardiomyopathy, hy