Testing of data provided by the Second Pipeline Construction Co. of China National Petroleum Corp. (PetroChina Pipeline) shows that using a 3D pipeline spatial-data model (PSDM) not only can further ...

A mix of support systems can be brought to bear on spatial thinking. These support systems form a suite that ranges from the simple to the most complex. Chapter 7 considers GIS as an exemplar of a ...

Jeongwon is a Ph.D. student in the Department of Geography at the University at Buffalo. She has a background in GIS engineering, specializing in working with spatial big data and spatial data ...

Across Virginia, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are becoming essential tools for accurate property valuation. From Radford City to Montgomery County, open GIS data and mapping applications are ...