Fuzzy statistics and random variables represent a progressive fusion of traditional probability theory with the principles of fuzzy logic, enabling the treatment of imprecision and vagueness inherent ...

Extropy has emerged as a pivotal measure in the quantification of uncertainty, serving as a complementary counterpart to the traditional concept of entropy. Unlike entropy, which is widely used to ...

A random variable is a mathematical function that maps outcomes of random experiments to numbers. It can be thought of as the numeric result of operating a non-deterministic mechanism or performing a ...

CATALOG DESCRIPTION: Fundamentals of random variables; mean-squared estimation; limit theorems and convergence; definition of random processes; autocorrelation and stationarity; Gaussian and Poisson ...

The Poisson noise channel with the input random variable \(X\), the scaling factor \(a\), the dark current parameter \(\lambda\), and the ouput random variable \(Y\). Poisson noise models are an ...

A random variable that can take only a certain specified set of individual possible values-for example, the positive integers 1, 2, 3, . . . For example, stock prices are discrete random variables, ...