The tech world is growing rapidly, demanding more skilled programmers. Yet, coding is still an intimidating mountain to climb for many, with its complex jargon and seemingly impenetrable logic.

This article is adapted from an edition of our Off the Charts newsletter originally published in October 2021. Off the Charts is a weekly, subscriber-only guide to The Economist’s award-winning data ...

Python keeps the top spot as its rating dips again, C climbs further in second, and the bottom stays tight with SQL eighth, R ...