All sorts of physical processes in this analog world exhibit some degree of randomness. Think of noise, for example. Many noisy processes are described by Gaussian probability distributions. We should ...

Julie Young is an experienced financial writer and editor. She specializes in financial analysis in capital planning and investment management. Eric's career includes extensive work in both public and ...

This course is compulsory on the BSc in Actuarial Science, BSc in Actuarial Science (with a Placement Year), BSc in Financial Mathematics and Statistics and BSc in Mathematics, Statistics and Business ...

Since releasing this working paper, the authors have published an update to their work in the journal Climate Risk Management (Vol 44, 2024). How likely is it that global warming will exceed 3°C in ...

Studies axioms, counting formulas, conditional probability, independence, random variables, continuous and discrete distribution, expectation, joint distributions, moment generating functions, law of ...

Interest Rate Probability Distributions Implied by Derivatives Prices is a daily measure of the distribution of future short-term interest rates, calculated from prices of fixed-income derivatives ...