Object-oriented systems are usually partitioned into layers of related responsibilities and only dependencies in one direction are allowed, from higher layers (more specific, less reusable) to lower ...

Nested classes are classes that are declared as members of other classes or scopes. Nesting classes is one way to better organize your code. For example, say you have a non-nested class (also known as ...

If you're not familiar with object-oriented programming, some of the concepts can be hard to understand, especially if you're a longtime procedural language programmer. Follow along as we take a look ...

Copying objects is a common Java programming operation that has one serious trap. Here's how to avoid copying from an object reference and only copy the instance and values you want. Copying objects ...

It's not good enough to simply write code that works. That code must be easily maintained, enhanced and debugged when problems happen. One of the reasons why object-oriented programming is so popular ...