Every world in Minecraft is pretty much infinite. Each world is divided into chunks that are 16 blocks wide, 256 blocks tall, and 16 blocks long. When fully filled, a chunk has 65,536 blocks in total.
When you create a new Minecraft world, the game starts making a new map and loads a few chunks where you are going to spawn for the first time. As you move around, new chunks generate, while the old ...